You can gain access to compromised servers for as little as $6, according to security researchers, Kaspersky Lab. The researchers say they have investigated a global forum on the Dark Net, The xDedic marketplace, where cybercriminals can buy and sell access to these servers.
According to Kaspersky, the marketplace is allegedly run by Russian hackers, and currently lists 70,624 hacked Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) servers for sale.
Many of the servers host or provide access to popular consumer websites and services and some have software installed for direct mail, financial accounting and Point-of-Sale (PoS) processing, said Kaspersky. They can be used to target the owners’ infrastructures or as a launch-pad for wider attacks, while the owners, including government entities, corporations and universities, have little or no idea of what’s happening.
A European internet service provider (ISP) alerted Kaspersky Lab to the existence of xDedic and the companies worked together to investigate how the forum operates. The process is simple and thorough: hackers break into servers, often through brute-force attacks, and bring the credentials to xDedic.
The hacked servers are then checked for their RDP configuration, memory, software, browsing history and more, all features that customers can search through before buying.
xDedic is a powerful example of a new kind of cybercriminal marketplace: well-organized and supported, and offering everyone from entry-level cybercriminals to APT groups fast, cheap, and easy access to legitimate organizational infrastructure that keeps their crimes below the radar for as long as possible, said Kaspersky.
“Inventory” Includes:
- Servers belonging to government networks, corporations and universities
- Servers tagged for having access to or hosting certain websites and services, including gaming, betting, dating, online shopping, online banking and payment, cell phone networks, ISPs and browsers
- Servers with pre-installed software that could facilitate an attack, including direct mail, financial and PoS software
From as little as $6 per server, members of the xDedic forum can access all of a server’s data and also use it as a platform for further malicious attacks. This could potentially include targeted attacks, malware, DDoS, phishing, social-engineering and adware attacks, among others.
The servers’ legitimate owners – reputable organizations including government networks, corporations and universities – are often unaware that their IT infrastructure has been compromised. Furthermore, once a campaign has been completed, the attackers can put access to the server back up for sale and the whole process can begin again.
The xDedic marketplace seems to have opened for business some time in 2014, and has become significantly more popular since the middle of 2015. In May 2016, it listed 70,624 servers from 173 countries for sale, posted in the names of 416 different sellers.
The top 15 countries affected are: Brazil, China, Russia, India, Spain, Italy, France, Australia, South Africa, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Mexico, Columbia, the United States and Germany, said Kaspersky.